Sunday, July 5, 2015

Financial scams part 2: Ponzi scheme

I just wanted to comment on an other type of common scheme: the Ponzi scheme.

This one is more difficult to spot by people with limited financial knowledge.

The Ponzi scheme offers an attractive return on the initial investment.

Let's take the example of an investor giving 1 million to a crooked "financial adviser". The latter will promise a 10% return let's say every month.



Each month, the investor gets a check worth of 100,000 pesos. Seems good, no?

Well no. The truth is that the 100,000 check is coming from your own 1 million you gave him. It means that no money has been created to produce that interest.


Saturday, July 4, 2015

Financial scams part 1: pyramid schemes and network marketing

Few days ago, one of my friend asked my opinion about this "investment" opportunity that was given to him.

The deal is as follow: Invest 5,000 pesos and get 22,500 after 3 weeks.

Waw, that's an investment that give a 450% return. You must be stupid if you don't sign for it.

Even if it looks nice, I started to ask him questions.

Me: How can they promise such a huge return?

Him: they invest it in gold.

Me: How is that possible, gold has been going down since a 2014 and I showed him a graph showing the price of gold is going down.

Him: ...

Then I started searching about the gold company that offers 450% return. Here's what I found:

  • It banks/capitalizes/earns on the appreciation value of gold through a "swap program" where the product is bought by means of an "order table" comprised of 15 people spread across 4 LEVELS.
  • New members/gold traders enter the order table's lowest level (Level 4) composed of 8 people. 
  • Above them are 4 people (who came before them) in Level 3. 
  • Above these 4 people are 2 people (who came before the 4) in Level 2.
  • On top of the table is that sole person (who came before all of them) in Level 1.
  • The person on Level 1 is the "graduating" member/gold trader who will "EXIT" the table or "graduate" (internally called a "pay out") as soon as all (15) boxes/slots are filled.
  • This person on Level 1 will receive either a 15 grams 14K gold pendant or its cash equivalent of P25,000 -- whichever he/she prefers.
What surprised me there are those words: LEVELS, GRADUATING MEMBER and EXIT.

This is a pyramid scheme!



What is a pyramid scheme: